力士樂壓力切斷閥DA6VP2A50/200FSM R901224233，德國REXROTH壓力切斷閥，購買進(jìn)口液壓、氣動(dòng)、自動(dòng)化控制工業(yè)配件，認(rèn)準(zhǔn)“上海韋米機(jī)電設(shè)備有限公司”，7年老店，產(chǎn)品實(shí)拍，保證產(chǎn)品原廠原裝，價(jià)格優(yōu)惠，售后無憂，歡迎新老客戶咨詢采購！
 

液壓傳動(dòng)技術(shù)已經(jīng)廣泛應(yīng)用于很多工程技術(shù)領(lǐng)域,由于液壓系統(tǒng)所服務(wù)的主機(jī)的工作循環(huán)、動(dòng)作特點(diǎn)等各不相同,相應(yīng)的各液壓系統(tǒng)的組成、作用和特點(diǎn)也不盡相同。以下通過對幾個(gè)典型液壓系統(tǒng)的分析,進(jìn)一步熟悉各液壓元件在系統(tǒng)中的作用和各種基本回路的組成,并掌握分析液壓系統(tǒng)的方法和步驟。
閱讀一個(gè)較為復(fù)雜的液壓系統(tǒng)圖,大致可按以下步驟進(jìn)行:
(1)了解設(shè)備的工藝對液壓系統(tǒng)的動(dòng)作要求;
(2)初步游覽整個(gè)系統(tǒng), 了解系統(tǒng)中包含有哪些元件,并以各個(gè)執(zhí)行元件為中心,將系統(tǒng)分解為若干子系統(tǒng)。
(3)對每一子系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行分析,搞清楚其中含有哪些基本回路,然后根據(jù)執(zhí)行元件的動(dòng)作要求,參照動(dòng)作循環(huán)表讀懂這一子系統(tǒng)。
(4)根據(jù)液壓設(shè)備中各執(zhí)行元件間互鎖、同步、防干涉等要求,分析各子系統(tǒng)之間的聯(lián)系。
(5)在全面讀懂系統(tǒng)的基礎(chǔ)上,歸納總結(jié)整個(gè)系統(tǒng)有哪些特點(diǎn),以加深對系統(tǒng)的理解。

一,組合機(jī)床液壓系統(tǒng)
組合機(jī)床液壓系統(tǒng)主要由通用滑臺(tái)和輔助部分(如定位、夾緊)組成。動(dòng)力滑臺(tái)本身不帶傳動(dòng)裝置,可根據(jù)加工需要安裝不同用途的主軸箱,以完成鉆、擴(kuò)、鉸、鏜、刮端面、銑削及攻絲等工序。
有液壓夾緊的他驅(qū)式動(dòng)力滑臺(tái)的液壓系統(tǒng)原理圖，這個(gè)系統(tǒng)采用限壓式變量泵供油，并配有二位二通電磁閥卸荷，變量泵與進(jìn)油路的調(diào)速閥組成容積節(jié)流調(diào)速回路，用電液換向閥控制液壓系統(tǒng)的主油路換向，用行程閥實(shí)現(xiàn)快和工進(jìn)的速度換接。

二,液壓系統(tǒng)的特點(diǎn)
液壓系統(tǒng)采用限壓式變量泵和調(diào)速閥組成容積節(jié)流調(diào)速系統(tǒng),把調(diào)速閥裝在進(jìn)油路上,而在回油路上加背壓閥。這樣就獲得了較好的低速穩(wěn)定性、較大的調(diào)速范圍和較高的效率。而且當(dāng)滑臺(tái)需死擋鐵停留時(shí),用壓力繼電器發(fā)出信號實(shí)現(xiàn)快退比較方便。
采用限壓式變量泵并在快進(jìn)時(shí)采用差動(dòng)連接, 不僅使快進(jìn)速度和快退速度相同差動(dòng)缸),而且比不采用差動(dòng)連接的流量可誠小一倍,其能量得到合理利用,系統(tǒng)效率進(jìn)一步得到提高。
采用電液換向閥使換向時(shí)間可調(diào),改善和提高了換向性能。采用行程閥和液控順序閥來實(shí)現(xiàn)快進(jìn)與工進(jìn)的轉(zhuǎn)換,比采用電磁閥的電路簡化,而且使速度轉(zhuǎn)換動(dòng)作可靠,轉(zhuǎn)換精度也較高。此外,用兩個(gè)調(diào)速閥串聯(lián)來實(shí)現(xiàn)兩次工進(jìn), 使轉(zhuǎn)換速度平穩(wěn)而無沖擊。
夾緊油路中串接誠壓閥,不僅可使其壓力低于主油路壓力,而且可根據(jù)工件夾緊力的需要來調(diào)節(jié)并穩(wěn)定其壓力;當(dāng)主系統(tǒng)快速運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí),即使主油路壓力低于減壓閥所調(diào)壓力,因?yàn)橛袉蜗蜷y的存在,夾緊系統(tǒng)也能維持其壓力(保壓)。夾緊油路中采用二位四通閥,它的常態(tài)位置是夾緊工件,這樣即使在加工過程中臨時(shí)停電,也不至于使工件松開,保證了操作安全可靠。
力士樂壓力切斷閥DA6VP2A50/200FSM R901224233
力士樂REXROTH高壓截止閥
力士樂REXROTH高壓截止閥，先導(dǎo)式
力士樂REXROTH壓力切斷閥，先導(dǎo)操作，機(jī)械操作KAV
R901220879 KAV2C2AA/AM
R901058924 KAV2C2AA/AV
R901220878 KAV2F2AA/AM
R901058926 KAV2F2AA/AV
R901354128 KAV2K2AA/A-130-110V
R901353452 KAV2K2AA/A-160-140V
R901220877 KAV2K2AA/AM
R901058929 KAV2K2AA/AV
R901231664 KAV2K2AA/AV-028
R901220869 KAV2R2AA/AM
R901058934 KAV2R2AA/AV
R901231663 KAV2R2AA/AV-028
力士樂REXROTH先導(dǎo)式壓力切斷閥DA 6 V
R901224217 DA6VA2A5X/100FSM
R987400141 DA6VA2A5X/100FSMSO26-746
R901184163 DA6VA2A5X/100FSV
R901224218 DA6VA2A5X/200FSM
R901184165 DA6VA2A5X/200FSV
R901224223 DA6VA2A5X/350FSM
R901184169 DA6VA2A5X/350FSV
R901224225 DA6VA2A5X/50FSM
R901184162 DA6VA2A5X/50FSV
R901224226 DA6VA2B5X/100FSM
R901184669 DA6VA2B5X/100FSV
R901224246 DA6VA2B5X/200FSM
R901184173 DA6VA2B5X/200FSV
R901224228 DA6VA2B5X/350FSM
R901184176 DA6VA2B5X/350FSV
R901224230 DA6VA2B5X/50FSM
R901184170 DA6VA2B5X/50FSV
R901224232 DA6VP2A5X/100FSM
R901184158 DA6VP2A5X/100FSV
R901224233 DA6VP2A5X/200FSM
R901224233 DA6VP2A50/200FSM
R901311545 DA6VP2A5X/200FSM/60
R901184160 DA6VP2A5X/200FSV
R901368965 DA6VP2A5X/200FSV/60
R901224247 DA6VP2A5X/350FSM
R901184161 DA6VP2A5X/350FSV
R901224234 DA6VP2A5X/50FSM
R901184151 DA6VP2A5X/50FSV
R901224235 DA6VP2B5X/100FSM
R901184179 DA6VP2B5X/100FSV
R901224238 DA6VP2B5X/200FSM
R901184183 DA6VP2B5X/200FSV
R901224242 DA6VP2B5X/350FSM
R901184186 DA6VP2B5X/350FSV
R901224244 DA6VP2B5X/50FSM
R901184177 DA6VP2B5X/50FSV
力士樂REXROTH先導(dǎo)式壓力切斷閥DA
R900598573 DA10-.-5X/...VSO26
R900926229 DA10-1-5X/100-10
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R900599979 DA10-1-5X/200-17Y
R900597597 DA10-1-5X/200-17Y/12
R900948351 DA10-1-5X/315-10
R901059701 DA10-1-5X/315-10V
R900519891 DA10-1-5X/315-10Y
R900505050 DA10-1-5X/315-17
R900597599 DA10-1-5X/315-17/12
R901016565 DA10-1-5X/315-17V
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R900557180 DA10-1-5X=315-17/12
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R900375977 DA10-2-3X/315XSO45
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R901186245 DA10-2-5X=100-080-17Y
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R978901377 DA20-1-5X/315-17YV/12
R978916947 DA20-2-5X/100-10V/12
R978865640 DA20-2-5X/100-17V/12
R978902561 DA20-2-5X/315-10/12
R978872408 DA30-1-5X/315-17/12
R978010174 DA30-2-5X/50-10/12
R978898008 DA30-2-5X/50-17V/12
R900944341 DAC1-5X/200-10
R900597552 DAC1-5X/200-10Y
R900518827 DAC1-5X/200-17
R900513499 DAC1-5X/200-17Y
R900524135 DAC1-5X/315-10
R900598615 DAC1-5X/315-10Y/12
R900502173 DAC1-5X/315-17
R900598534 DAC1-5X/315-17Y
R900563506 DAC1-5X/50-17Y
R900523681 DAC2-5X/100-10
R900903679 DAC2-5X/100-10Y
R900502462 DAC2-5X/100-17
R900529919 DAC2-5X/100-17Y
R900547885 DAC2-5X/200-00SO72
R900508238 DAC2-5X/200-00YSO20
R900503635 DAC2-5X/200-10
R900958154 DAC2-5X/200-10SO46
R900520225 DAC2-5X/200-10Y
R900763599 DAC2-5X/200-10Y/12
R900597205 DAC2-5X/200-17
R900976227 DAC2-5X/200-17/12
R900502644 DAC2-5X/200-17V
R900505759 DAC2-5X/200-17Y
R900599082 DAC2-5X/315-10
R900520302 DAC2-5X/315-10V
R900597953 DAC2-5X/315-17
R978878641 DAC2-5X/315-17/12
R900520301 DAC2-5X/315-17V
R900598099 DAC2-5X/315-17Y
R900903681 DAC2-5X/50-10Y
R901029713 DAC2-5X/50-17/12
R900903680 DAC2-5X/50-17Y
R900599192 DAC3-5X/200-00SO29
R900944277 DAC3-5X/200-10
R900598616 DAC3-5X/200-17
R900901162 DAC3-5X/200-17/12
R900514423 DAC3-5X/315-17
R900509286 DAC30-1-5X/200-10
R901093146 DAC30-1-5X/200-10Y
R900597879 DAC30-1-5X/200-17
R900918629 DAC30-1-5X/200-17Y
R900596611 DAC30-1-5X/315-17
R900509557 DAC30-1-5X/315-17Y
R900597316 DAC30-2-5X/100-10
R900573413 DAC30-2-5X/100-10Y
R900519936 DAC30-2-5X/100-10YV
R900507744 DAC30-2-5X/100-17
R900514940 DAC30-2-5X/100-17V
R900515058 DAC30-2-5X/100-17Y
R900537730 DAC30-2-5X/200-10
R900943756 DAC30-2-5X/200-10V
R900597120 DAC30-2-5X/200-10Y
R900558848 DAC30-2-5X/200-10Y=LB
R900597541 DAC30-2-5X/200-17
R900505541 DAC30-2-5X/200-17Y
R900546348 DAC30-2-5X/200-17YV
R900513800 DAC30-2-5X/315-10
R900969706 DAC30-2-5X/315-10V
R900598452 DAC30-2-5X/315-17
R900597611 DAC30-2-5X/315-17Y
R901007242 DAC30-2-5X/50-10
R900763492 DAC30-2-5X/50-10Y
R900247867 DAC30-3-5X/100-17
R900557717 DAC30-3-5X/200-17V
R900958955 DAC30-3-5X/315-17
R900515856 DAC30-3-5X/50-17YV
R978868397 DAC-2-5X/100-17/12
R987156169 DAC-2-5X/315-17SO26-567
R987109281 DAC-2-5X/50-17/12
R901264745 DAC1-5X/100-10
R900597813 DAC1-5X/100-17Y
力士樂REXROTH先導(dǎo)式壓力切斷閥DAW
R900518380 DAW10.1-5X/200-17
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R900950155 DAW10A7-5X/315-17-6EG24N9K4
R900978624 DAW10A7-5X/315-17-6EW230N9K4
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R900908685 DAW10B1-5X/100-10-6AG24NZ5L
R900908685 DAW10B1-5X/100-10-6AG24NZ5L
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R900784251 DAW10B1-5X/100-17-6EG24N9K4
R900734486 DAW10B1-5X/200-10-6EG24N9K4
R900502248 DAW10B1-5X/200-17-6AG24NZ4
R900562507 DAW10B1-5X/200-17-6AW220-60NZ4
R901125663 DAW10B1-5X/200-17-6EG125N9K4
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R900967143 DAW10B2-5X/100-10-6EW230N9K4
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R900518576 DAW10B2-5X/100-17-6AG24NK4
R900560446 DAW10B2-5X/100-17-6AG24NK4SO65
R900501264 DAW10B2-5X/100-17-6AG24NZ4
R900518498 DAW10B2-5X/100-17-6AG24NZ5L
R900597568 DAW10B2-5X/100-17-6AW120-60NZ5L
R900507520 DAW10B2-5X/100-17-6AW220-50NZ4
R900768206 DAW10B2-5X/100-17-6EG24N9K33L=AN
R900956752 DAW10B2-5X/100-17-6EG24N9K4
R900509028 DAW10B2-5X/100-17Y6AG24NZ4
R901216243 DAW10B2-5X/100-FS6EG24N9K4
R900503011 DAW10B2-5X/200-10-6AG24NZ4
R900506405 DAW10B2-5X/200-10-6AG24NZ5L
R900918091 DAW10B2-5X/200-10-6EG24N9K4
R901005268 DAW10B2-5X/200-10-6EW230N9K4
R900562590 DAW10B2-5X/200-10Y6AG24NZ4
R900560432 DAW10B2-5X/200-10Y6AG24NZ4SO80
R900517239 DAW10B2-5X/200-10Y6AG24NZ5L
R900500449 DAW10B2-5X/200-10Y6AG24NZ5L1
R901139531 DAW10B2-5X/200-10Y6EG24N9K4
R900595779 DAW10B2-5X/200-17-6AG24NZ4
R900596865 DAW10B2-5X/200-17-6AG24NZ5L
R900596922 DAW10B2-5X/200-17-6AG24NZ5L2
R900514569 DAW10B2-5X/200-17-6AG24NZ5L3
R900504545 DAW10B2-5X/200-17-6AW220-50NZ4
R900958578 DAW10B2-5X/200-17-6EG24N9K4
R901028455 DAW10B2-5X/200-17-6EW110N9K4
R900618414 DAW10B2-5X/200-17-6EW230N9K4
R900915903 DAW10B2-5X/200-17-6EW230N9Z4
R900513399 DAW10B2-5X/200-17Y6AG24NZ4
R900550035 DAW10B2-5X/200-17Y6AG24NZ4SO65
R900923156 DAW10B2-5X/200-17Y6EG24N9K4
R901216252 DAW10B2-5X/200-FS6EG24N9K4
R901349501 DAW10B2-5X/200-FSY6EW110N9K4
R900909827 DAW10B2-5X/315-00-6AG24NZ4SO63
R900506406 DAW10B2-5X/315-10-6AG24NZ5L
R900528206 DAW10B2-5X/315-10-6AW220-50NZ4
R900955904 DAW10B2-5X/315-10-6EG24N9K4
R901412526 DAW10B2-5X/315-10-6EW230N9K4
R900906291 DAW10B2-5X/315-10Y6AG24NK4
R900529506 DAW10B2-5X/315-10Y6AG24NK4SO65
R900566579 DAW10B2-5X/315-10Y6AG24NZ4
R900517960 DAW10B2-5X/315-10Y6AG24NZ5L
R900573343 DAW10B2-5X/315-10Y6AG24NZ5LSO65
R900904268 DAW10B2-5X/315-10Y6AW110-60NK4SO65
R900528519 DAW10B2-5X/315-10Y6AW220-50NZ4
R900924463 DAW10B2-5X/315-10Y6EG24N9K4
R900962885 DAW10B2-5X/315-10Y6EW110N9K4
R900910518 DAW10B2-5X/315-10Y6EW110N9Z4
R900978992 DAW10B2-5X/315-10Y6EW230N9K4
R900599687 DAW10B2-5X/315-17-6AG24NZ4
R900513005 DAW10B2-5X/315-17-6AG24NZ5L
R900504232 DAW10B2-5X/315-17-6AW220-50NZ4
R900596757 DAW10B2-5X/315-17-6AW220-60NZ4
R900596757 DAW10B2-5X/315-17-6AW220-60NZ4
R900937976 DAW10B2-5X/315-17-6EG24N9K4
R900951867 DAW10B2-5X/315-17-6EG24N9K4V
R900945786 DAW10B2-5X/315-17-6EW230N9K4
R900509510 DAW10B2-5X/315-17Y6AG24NZ4
R900598868 DAW10B2-5X/315-17Y6AG24NZ5L
R900523241 DAW10B2-5X/315-17Y6AW220RNZ5
R900938568 DAW10B2-5X/315-17Y6EG24N9K4
R900963636 DAW10B2-5X/315-17Y6EG24N9K4=CSA
R901432461 DAW10B2-5X/315-17Y6EW230N9K4
R900915905 DAW10B2-5X/315-17Y6EW230N9Z4
R901216251 DAW10B2-5X/315-FS6EG24N9K4
R900246996 DAW10B2-5X/50-17-6EG24N9K4
R900949918 DAW10B2-5X/50-17Y6EG24N9K4
R901216244 DAW10B2-5X/50-FS6EG24N9K4
R900964809 DAW10B3-5X/100-17-6EG24N9K4
R900922963 DAW10B3-5X/100-17Y6EG24N9K4
R900524392 DAW10B3-5X/200-10-6AG24NZ4
R900512537 DAW10B3-5X/200-10-6AG24NZ5L
R900713480 DAW10B3-5X/200-10-6EG24N9K4
R900570044 DAW10B3-5X/200-17-6AG24NZ4
R900935782 DAW10B3-5X/200-17-6EG24N9K4
R900712019 DAW10B3-5X/315-10-6EG24N9K4
R900718444 DAW10B3-5X/315-17-6EG24N9 DAL
R900969895 DAW10B3-5X/315-17-6EG24N9K4
R900501041 DAW10B3-5X/315-17Y6AG24Z5L
R901187251 DAW10B3-5X/315-17Y6EG24K4
R900536964 DAW10B3-5X/350-10-6SLG24NZ4SO26
R900725801 DAW10B7-5X/50-10-6EG24N9K4
R900968804 DAW10A2-5X/200-10-6EW230N9K4
R900501915 DAW20A1-5X/100-17-6AG24NZ4
R901081870 DAW20A1-5X/100-17-6EG24N9K4
R900571897 DAW20A1-5X/100-17Y6AW220-50NZ4
R900749799 DAW20A1-5X/200-17-6EG24N9K4
R901318370 DAW20A1-5X/200-17-6EW230N9K4
R900958749 DAW20A1-5X/200-17Y6EW230N9K4
R900900924 DAW20A1-5X/315-10Y6AW220-50NZ4
R900755643 DAW20A1-5X/315-10Y6EG24N9K4
R901028732 DAW20A1-5X/315-10Y6EW230N9K4
R900512239 DAW20A1-5X/315-17-6AG24NZ4
R900539867 DAW20A1-5X/315-17-6AW220-50NZ4
R900505327 DAW20A1-5X/315-17Y6AW120-60NZ45/12
R900515868 DAW20A1-5X/315-17Y6BG24NEX
R901047658 DAW20A1-5X/315-17Y6EG24N9K4
R900560339 DAW20A2-5X/100-10-6AG24NK4
R900909199 DAW20A2-5X/100-10-6AG24NZ4
R900598141 DAW20A2-5X/100-17-6AG24NZ4
R900927371 DAW20A2-5X/100-17-6EG24N9K4
R901089439 DAW20A2-5X/100-17-6EW230N9K4
R901257867 DAW20A2-5X/100-17Y6EG24N9K4
R900968864 DAW20A2-5X/200-10-6EW230N9K4
R900532593 DAW20A2-5X/200-10Y6AG24NZ4
R900517005 DAW20A2-5X/200-17-6AG110NZ4
R900931046 DAW20A2-5X/200-17-6AG24NK4
R900566864 DAW20A2-5X/200-17-6AG24NZ4
R900566864 DAW20A2-5X/200-17-6AG24NZ4
R900577783 DAW20A2-5X/200-17-6AW220-50NZ4
R900964240 DAW20A2-5X/200-17-6EG24N9K4
R900974063 DAW20A2-5X/200-17-6EW230N9K4
R901145571 DAW20A2-5X/200-17Y6EG24N9K4
R901244882 DAW20A2-5X/315-10-6EG96N9K4
R901046847 DAW20A2-5X/315-10-6EW230N9K4
R900931443 DAW20A2-5X/315-17-6AG24NK4
R900596570 DAW20A2-5X/315-17-6AG24NZ5L
DA/DAW型先導(dǎo)控制式卸荷閥:
1.工作原理
DA/DAW型閥是先導(dǎo)控制式卸荷閥，它的作用是給蓄能補(bǔ)油，采用高低壓雙泵的液壓系統(tǒng)中，可使低壓泵卸荷。
該閥主要是由先導(dǎo)閥、帶主閥芯的主閥和單向閥組成。通徑10的單向閥在主閥體內(nèi)，而通徑25和32單向閥是在主閥底下的連接板內(nèi)。
DA型閥
從P→A切換到P→T
泵輸出的液流從單向閥流到閥腔(P→A)，同時(shí)通過通道流到活塞;通過阻尼器流到主閥的上腔，并且經(jīng)過阻尼器作用在錐閥上。一但系統(tǒng)壓力達(dá)到先導(dǎo)閥調(diào)定的卸荷壓力時(shí)，立即把錐閥打開。當(dāng)控制油經(jīng)過阻尼器和通過Y排到T腔時(shí)，由于阻尼器和在主閥上產(chǎn)生了一個(gè)壓力降。這時(shí)主閥打開，壓力油從P腔流到T腔(P→T)。
當(dāng)主閥開啟并且打開時(shí)(P→T)，由于A腔的壓力作用在柱塞(4)和單向
閥上，使得錐閥(8) 打開和單向閥關(guān)閉。這樣就完成了從P→A切換到P→T。
從P→T切換到P→A
由于柱塞(4) 的面積比錐閥(8)的有效面積大17%，所以活塞上的作用力也比錐閥上的作用力大17%。
如果蓄能器的壓力低于它相對應(yīng)的切換壓力差時(shí)，彈簧(9)將錐閥(8)關(guān)閉。這樣主閥(6)上腔建立起壓力，使主閥芯(6)關(guān)閉，即關(guān)閉了P→T。這樣泵輸出的液流重新又經(jīng)過單向閥進(jìn)入到液壓系統(tǒng)。.
DAW型閥
這種閥的性能與DA型閥相同，只是在先導(dǎo)閥(2). 上有個(gè)電磁閥，可在先導(dǎo)閥調(diào)定的切換壓力下任意實(shí)現(xiàn)從A→T或T→A。
2.DA/DAW型先導(dǎo)控制式牌子荷閥常見故障及排除
(一)卸荷閥不卸荷
由于阻尼器堵塞，閥芯上腔油液無排出故在導(dǎo)閥開啟的情況下，主閥上下腔壓力相等且上端面積大于下端面積，無法開啟，P→T無油卸荷;主閥在關(guān)閉位置時(shí)卡住同樣不能卸荷;柱塞卡住無法打開導(dǎo)閥則同樣不能卸荷。
(二)非卸荷狀態(tài)下卸荷
由于阻尼器(5)堵塞閥芯上腔未有油壓作用，而主閥彈簧力很弱，故主閥芯在很小的力作用開啟而卸荷;主閥在開啟位置時(shí)卡住同樣卸荷，而控力并未達(dá)導(dǎo)閥的調(diào)定值。導(dǎo)閥活塞卡住，導(dǎo)閥常開，則亦卸荷。
(三)DAW型的電磁閥故障同樣造成上述二種故障發(fā)生。
(四)各“O”形密封圈損壞而引起各部位外泄漏。

五、壓力繼電器的常見故障及排除
壓力繼電器的常見故障是靈敏度降低和微動(dòng)開關(guān)損壞等。
前者是由于閥芯、推桿的徑向卡緊，或微動(dòng)開關(guān)空行程過大等引起。當(dāng)閥芯或推桿發(fā)生徑向卡緊時(shí)，磨擦力增加，這個(gè)阻力與閥芯和推桿的運(yùn)動(dòng)方向相反，它一個(gè)方向幫助油液壓力克服彈簧力，使油液壓力降低，因而使壓力繼電器的靈敏度降低。
在使用中，由于微動(dòng)開關(guān)支架變形，或零位可調(diào)部分松動(dòng)，都會(huì)使原來調(diào)整好或在裝配后保證的微動(dòng)開關(guān)*小空行程變大，使靈敏度降低。
壓力繼電器的泄漏如不直接接回油箱，由于泄油口背壓過高，也會(huì)使靈敏度降低。
差動(dòng)式壓力繼電器，因微動(dòng)開關(guān)部分和泄油腔反時(shí)，壓力即沖破橡膠隔膜進(jìn)入微動(dòng)開關(guān)部分，從而損壞微動(dòng)開關(guān)。另外，由于調(diào)壓彈簧腔和泄油腔相通，調(diào)節(jié)螺釘處又無密封裝置，當(dāng)泄油壓力過高時(shí)，在調(diào)節(jié)螺釘處會(huì)出現(xiàn)外泄漏現(xiàn)象。所以泄油腔必須直接接回油箱。
壓力繼電器是一種將油液的壓力信號轉(zhuǎn)換成電信號的小型電液控制元件。當(dāng)油液壓力達(dá)到壓力繼電器的調(diào)定壓力時(shí)，即發(fā)出電信號，以控制電磁鐵、電磁離合器、繼電器等電氣元件動(dòng)作，使油路卸荷、卸壓、換向、執(zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu)實(shí)現(xiàn)順序動(dòng);作，或關(guān)閉電動(dòng)機(jī)，使系統(tǒng)停止工作，起到安全保護(hù)作用等。

六、單向閥、液控單向閥、SV/SL型液控單向閥、疊加式液控單向閥
1.結(jié)構(gòu)和工作原理
單向閥又稱止回閥或逆止閥。用于液壓系統(tǒng)中防止油流反向流動(dòng)。單向閥有直通式和直角式兩種。如圖15、圖16所示。
SV和SL型液控單向閥都是座式閥，由液壓開啟，能給出反向流。
這種閥用來隔離局部壓力回路，即作為在管子破裂時(shí)防止負(fù)載降落的保護(hù)，也可防止負(fù)載下爬。這種液控單向閥主要包括閥體、主閥、先導(dǎo)閥、壓縮彈簧和控制活塞 。
SV型閥(無泄油口)一一泄漏油內(nèi)部回油
由A口至B口始終可以流動(dòng)。反方向上則導(dǎo)閥和主閥被壓縮彈簧和系統(tǒng)壓力保持在閥座上。若X口供給壓力油則控制活塞被推向右。
這首先打開導(dǎo)閥，然后打開主閥。于是油液先通過導(dǎo)閥，然后通過主
導(dǎo)閥。為了保證用控制活塞能可靠地操縱，需要一定的*低控制壓力。
SL型閥(帶泄油口)-一-泄漏油外部回油
在原理上，此閥與SV型有相同的功能。不同之處在于增加了泄油口Y,這就可使控制活的環(huán)形面積與A口隔離。A口來的油壓只作用在控制活塞的面積A4上，從而有效地降低此條件下所需的控制壓力。
Z2S型疊加式液控單向閥
Z2S型單向閥是疊加式液控單向閥。它可用于關(guān)閉一個(gè)或兩個(gè)工作油口，無泄漏持續(xù)時(shí)間長，穩(wěn)定性好。
油液從A到A1或B到B1自由流通，反向則被截止。如果油流通過閥，例
如從A到A1，壓力油作用在閥芯上，閥芯則向右運(yùn)動(dòng)并推動(dòng)鋼球離開閥座。單向閥被控制油打開時(shí)，油可從B1到B流通。壓力在B1腔卸荷，單向閥全部開啟。為保證兩個(gè)主單向閥在換向閥中位時(shí)能可靠的關(guān)閉，閥的A、B口與回油路連接。
2.單向閥的主要故障
單向閥可能出現(xiàn)的*主要的故障，是當(dāng)油液從P2腔反向進(jìn)入時(shí)，錐閥芯(或鋼球)不能將油液嚴(yán)格封閉而產(chǎn)生滲漏。這種滲漏現(xiàn)象更容易出現(xiàn)在反向流油的壓力比較低的情況。這時(shí)需要檢查閥芯錐面(或鋼球)與閥座的接觸是否緊密;或檢查閥座孔與閥芯孔是否保證所需要的同軸度要求，或者當(dāng)閥座壓入閥體孔時(shí)有沒有壓歪。如不符合要求，則需將閥芯錐面(或鋼球)與閥座重新配研，或者將閥座拆出重新壓裝，直到與閥芯錐面(或鋼球)嚴(yán)密接觸為止。
另外單向閥的閥座或閥套與閥體間的密封裝配或拆裝時(shí)擠傷，而造成內(nèi)部泄漏。
如果單向閥啟閉不靈活，這種閥芯有卡阻現(xiàn)象，則需檢查閥體孔與閥芯的加工幾何精度，以及二者的配合間隙是否符合要求。這種現(xiàn)象有可能出現(xiàn)于正向開啟壓力很小的單向閥，或者這種開啟壓力很小的單向閥是閥芯軸線沿水平方向安裝使用時(shí)的場合;另外，也應(yīng)檢查彈簧是否斷裂或者過分彎曲而引起卡阻。這里應(yīng)該注意的是，不論是直通型單向閥還是直角型單向閥，都不允許閥芯錐面向上安裝。